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- Arthritis
- Fractures, Sprains & Strains
- Joint Disorders
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R)
- Shoulder
- Sports Medicine
AC Joint Issues
Although many things can happen to the AC joint, the most common conditions are fractures, arthritis and separations. When the AC joint is separated, it means that the ligaments are torn and can no longer keep the clavicle and acromion properly aligned. Arthritis in the joint is characterized by a loss of the cartilage that allows bones to move smoothly and is essentially due to wear and tear.
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- Foot & Ankle
- Sports Medicine
Achilles Tendon Rupture
An Achilles tendon rupture is a complete or partial tear that occurs when the Achilles tendon is stretched beyond its capacity. Forceful jumping or pivoting, or sudden accelerations of running, can overstretch the tendon and cause a tear. An injury to the tendon can also result from falling or tripping.
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- Foot & Ankle
- Fractures, Sprains & Strains
- Sports Medicine
Ankle Sprain
When a ligament is forced to stretch beyond its normal range, a sprain occurs. A severe sprain causes actual tearing of the elastic fibers of the ligament. A sprained ankle is a very common injury that produces pain and swelling.
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- Arthritis
- Joint Disorders
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R)
Arthritis Overview
According to estimates, one in every five people living in the United States has signs or symptoms of arthritis in at least one joint. There are many types of arthritis, but most fall into one of two major categories: osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, or RA. Arthritis is the leading cause of disability in the United States and it affects millions of people. Approximately half of all sufferers are under age 50.
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- Joint Disorders
- Knee
Articular Cartilage Restoration
Articular cartilage can be damaged by injury or normal wear and tear, resulting in a joint surface that is no longer smooth. Damaged cartilage does not heal itself well, so doctors have developed surgical techniques to stimulate the growth of new cartilage. This procedure is used most commonly for the knee and most candidates are young adults with a single injury or lesion. Restoring articular cartilage can relieve pain, allow improved function, and delay or prevent the onset of arthritis.
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- Hand & Wrist
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R)
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Many things can lead to development of carpal tunnel syndrome, and in most cases, there is no single cause. Common symptoms are: numbness, tingling and pain in the hand; a sensation similar to an electric shock, felt mostly in the thumb, index and long fingers; and strange sensations and pain traveling up the arm toward the shoulder.
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- Joint Disorders
- Ligament Disorders
- Muscle Disorders
- Shoulder
Chronic Shoulder Instability
Chronic shoulder instability is the persistent inability of these tissues to keep the arm centered in the shoulder socket, so the shoulder is loose and slips out of place repeatedly. Once a shoulder has dislocated, or the shoulder’s ligaments, tendons and muscles become loose or torn, that shoulder is vulnerable to repeated dislocations.
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- Muscle Disorders
- Sports Medicine
Cramps or Charley Horse
A charley horse, or cramp, is an involuntary, forcibly contracted muscle that does not relax, resulting in sudden and intense pain. Cramps can affect any muscle under your voluntary control (skeletal muscle), and can involve part or all of a muscle, or several muscles in a group. The most commonly affected muscle groups are: back of the lower leg/calf (gastrocnemius), back of the thigh (hamstrings), and front of the thigh (quadriceps).
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- Hand & Wrist
Extensor Tendon Lacerations
Extensor tendon lacerations (wounds, cuts or tears) of the hand and fingers are quite common injuries, and can occur at many different levels. They are often associated with deep structure damage, such as bone, joint and ligamentous support. Symptoms include one or more of the following: loss of function or strength, diminished range of motion, and weakness when straightening the fingers or hand.
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- Hand & Wrist
Flexor Tendon Injuries
Anatomy Tendons are tissues that connect muscles to bone. When muscles contract, tendons pull on bones, causing parts of the body to move. Long tendons extend from muscles in the […]
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- Joint Disorders
- Shoulder
Frozen Shoulder (Adhesive Capsulitis)
In frozen shoulder, also called adhesive capsulitis, the tissues of the shoulder capsule become thick, stiff and inflamed. Stiff bands of tissue (adhesions) develop and, in many cases, there is a decrease in the synovial fluid needed to lubricate the joint properly. Over time the shoulder becomes extremely difficult to move, even with assistance. Frozen shoulder generally improves over time, however it may take up to 3 years
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- Fractures, Sprains & Strains
- Hand & Wrist
Hand Fracture
A fracture of the hand can occur in either the small bones of the fingers (phalanges) or in the long bones (metacarpals). Symptoms of a broken bone in the hand include: pain; swelling; tenderness; an appearance of deformity; inability to move a finger; shortened finger; a finger crossing over its neighbor when you make a fist; or a depressed knuckle, which is often seen in a “boxer’s fracture.”
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- Hip
- Joint Disorders
- Minimally Invasive Surgery (Arthroscopy)
Hip Arthroscopy
Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used by orthopedic surgeons to visualize, diagnose and treat a wide range of problems inside the joint. During hip arthroscopy, a small camera (arthroscope) is inserted into the hip joint and images from inside the hip are displayed on a video monitor.
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- Hip
- Joint Disorders
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R)
Hip Bursitis (Trochanteric Pain Syndrome)
Hip bursitis is typically the result of inflammation and irritation in one of two major bursae in the hip. One covers the bony point of the hip bone (greater trochanter). Inflammation of this bursa is known as trochanteric bursitis.
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- Arthritis
- Joint Disorders
- Knee
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R)
Knee Arthritis
The knee is one of the most commonly involved joints with arthritis. Arthritis is the loss of the normal protective cartilage that covers the bones. When this cartilage or “padding” of the bone breaks down and is lost, areas of raw bone become exposed and grind against each other with standing and walking. This is “bone on bone” arthritis and is usually painful.
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- Joint Disorders
- Knee
Knee Osteonecrosis
Osteonecrosis, which literally means “bone death,” is a painful condition that develops when a segment of bone loses its blood supply and begins to die. Osteonecrosis of the knee most often occurs in the knobby portion of the thighbone, on the inside of the knee (medial femoral condyle). It may also occur on the outside of the knee (lateral femoral condyle) or on the flat top of the lower leg bone (tibial plateau).
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- Neck and Back (Spine)
- Pediatric Injuries
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R)
Kyphosis (Roundback) of the Spine
The term kyphosis is used to describe the spinal curve that results in an abnormally rounded back. Although some degree of rounded curvature of the spine is normal, a kyphotic curve that is more than 50° is considered abnormal. There are several types and causes of kyphosis: postural kyphosis, Scheuermann’s kyphosis, and congenital kyphosis.
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- Fractures, Sprains & Strains
- Muscle Disorders
- Neck and Back (Spine)
Lumbar Back Strain
A lumbar strain is an injury to the tendons and/or muscles of the lower back, ranging from simple stretching injuries to partial or complete tears in the muscle/tendon combination. These tears cause inflammation in the surrounding area, resulting in painful back spasms and difficulty moving. An acute lumber strain is one that has been present for days or weeks. If it has persisted for longer than 3 months, it is considered chronic.
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- Joint Disorders
- Knee
- Sports Medicine
Meniscal Tears
Meniscal tears are among the most common knee injuries. When tearing a meniscus, you may hear a “popping” noise. Most people can still walk on the injured knee, and athletes often continue to play immediately following a tear. However, without proper treatment, a piece of meniscus may come loose and drift into the joint, worsening symptoms.
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- Foot & Ankle
Morton’s Neuroma
Morton’s neuroma is not actually a tumor—it is a thickening of the tissue that surrounds the digital nerve leading to the toes. Morton’s neuroma most frequently develops between the third and fourth toes, and occurs where the nerve passes under the ligament connecting the toe bones (metatarsals) in the forefoot.
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- Fractures, Sprains & Strains
- Ligament Disorders
- Muscle Disorders
- Neck and Back (Spine)
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R)
Neck Sprains & Strains
Sprains and strains are injuries to ligaments, muscles or tendons. A sprain is the simple stretch or tear of a ligament. A strain may be a simple stretch of a muscle or tendon, or it may be a partial or complete tear in the muscle/tendon combination.
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- Joint Disorders
- Knee
- Pediatric Injuries
- Sports Medicine
Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD)
Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is a joint condition that occurs when a small segment of bone separates from its surrounding region due to a lack of blood supply. As a result, the bone segment and cartilage covering it begin to crack and loosen. OCD develops most often in children and adolescents, frequently in the knee, at the end of the femur (thighbone).
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- Foot & Ankle
- Ligament Disorders
Plantar Fasciitis
Although the plantar fascia is designed to absorb the high stresses and strains placed on the feet, sometimes too much pressure can damage or tear these tissues. The body’s natural response to such an injury is inflammation, which results in heel pain and stiffness of plantar fasciitis.
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- Neck and Back (Spine)
Preventing Back Pain
Back pain can vary according to the individual and underlying cause. The pain may dull, achy, sharp, stabbing, or it may feel like a cramp, or “charley horse.” The intensity of pain may worsen with certain activities, such as bending, lifting, standing, walking or sitting.
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- Elbow
- Fractures, Sprains & Strains
- Joint Disorders
Radial Head Fractures of the Elbow
Although attempting to break a fall with outstretched hands may be an instinctive response, the force of the impact can travel up the forearm and result in a dislocated elbow or break in the radius, which often occurs in the radial head.
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- Hip
- Neck and Back (Spine)
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R)
Sciatica
Most common between 30 and 50 years of age, sciatica is a pain in your lower back or hip that radiates to the back of your thigh and into your leg. Often people think that the source of the pain is the buttock, hip or thigh and seek medical care for a “hip” problem only to learn that the source of the pain is the lower back.
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- Arthritis
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R)
- Shoulder
Shoulder Arthritis
Over time, the shoulder joint frequently becomes arthritic, with bone spur formation and loss of cartilage between the bones. This can cause pain in the top of the shoulder with overhead movement or reaching across the body. It can also cause tenderness or pain with pressure, such as from a back pack or bra strap.
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- Joint Disorders
- Shoulder
- Sports Medicine
SLAP Tear
A SLAP (Superior Labrum Anterior and Posterior) tear is an injury to the top (or superior) part of the labrum. SLAP tears can be the result of acute trauma, or repetitive overhead sports, such as throwing athletes or weightlifters, have an increased risk of injury to the superior labrum. Many SLAP tears are the result of a wearing down of the labrum that occurs slowly over time.
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- Fractures, Sprains & Strains
- Hand & Wrist
- Joint Disorders
- Ligament Disorders
- Sports Medicine
Wrist Sprains
Sprained wrists are often caused by a fall, such as onto an outstretched hand, or when the joint is bent forcefully or suddenly twisted. Wrist sprains are graded according to the degree of injury to the ligaments, and they can range from mild to severe.
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