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    • Arthritis
    • Foot & Ankle
    • Joint Disorders

    Ankle Arthritis

    Arthritis is inflammation that can cause pain and stiffness in any joint in the body. Osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative or “wear-and-tear” arthritis, is a common problem for many people after reaching middle age. It is often experienced in the small joints of the foot and ankle.

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    • Neck and Back (Spine)
    • Pediatric Injuries

    Backpack Safety

    Backpacks that are too heavy or are worn incorrectly can cause a variety of problems for people of any age, especially children and teenagers. An improperly used backpack can injure muscles and joints, leading to severe back, neck and shoulder pain, as well as posture problems. However, backpacks do not cause scoliosis.

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    • Joint Disorders
    • Muscle Disorders
    • Shoulder
    • Sports Medicine

    Biceps Tendinitis

    Inflammation of a tendon is called tendinitis. An inflammation or irritation of the upper biceps tendon is called long head of biceps tendinitis. Inflammation is the body’s natural response to injury, disease, overuse or degeneration, and it often causes swelling, pain or irritation.

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    • Elbow
    • Muscle Disorders
    • Sports Medicine

    Biceps Tendon Tear at the Elbow

    Most often caused by sudden injury, a biceps tendon tear at the elbow tends to result in greater arm weakness than injuries to the biceps tendon at the shoulder. Without use of the biceps tendon, other arm muscles will make bending the elbow possible, however, these muscles cannot fulfill all elbow functions.

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    • Foot & Ankle
    • Joint Disorders

    Bunions

    A bunion is a bump on the MTP joint, on the inner border of the foot. Bunions are made of bone and soft tissue, covered by skin that may be red and tender. Prolonged wearing of poorly fitting shoes is by far the most common cause of bunions, especially styles that feature a narrow, pointed toe box that squeezes the toes into an unnatural position. Bunions also have a strong genetic component.

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    • Fractures, Sprains & Strains
    • Sports Medicine

    Fractures

    A fracture is a broken bone. Although bones are rigid, they do bend with limited flexibility when outside force is applied. When that force is too great, the bone will fracture. Common causes of fractures include: trauma, such as auto or sports-related accidents; osteoporosis, which can weaken the bone; or overuse caused by repetitive motion that can tire muscles and place excess force on the bone, resulting in stress fractures like those most often seen in athletes.

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    • Joint Disorders
    • Knee

    Knee Osteonecrosis

    Osteonecrosis, which literally means “bone death,” is a painful condition that develops when a segment of bone loses its blood supply and begins to die. Osteonecrosis of the knee most often occurs in the knobby portion of the thighbone, on the inside of the knee (medial femoral condyle). It may also occur on the outside of the knee (lateral femoral condyle) or on the flat top of the lower leg bone (tibial plateau).

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    • Neck and Back (Spine)
    • Pediatric Injuries
    • Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R)

    Kyphosis (Roundback) of the Spine

    The term kyphosis is used to describe the spinal curve that results in an abnormally rounded back. Although some degree of rounded curvature of the spine is normal, a kyphotic curve that is more than 50° is considered abnormal. There are several types and causes of kyphosis: postural kyphosis, Scheuermann’s kyphosis, and congenital kyphosis.

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    • Fractures, Sprains & Strains
    • Muscle Disorders
    • Neck and Back (Spine)

    Lumbar Back Strain

    A lumbar strain is an injury to the tendons and/or muscles of the lower back, ranging from simple stretching injuries to partial or complete tears in the muscle/tendon combination. These tears cause inflammation in the surrounding area, resulting in painful back spasms and difficulty moving. An acute lumber strain is one that has been present for days or weeks. If it has persisted for longer than 3 months, it is considered chronic.

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    • Joint Disorders
    • Knee
    • Sports Medicine

    Meniscal Tears

    Meniscal tears are among the most common knee injuries. When tearing a meniscus, you may hear a “popping” noise. Most people can still walk on the injured knee, and athletes often continue to play immediately following a tear. However, without proper treatment, a piece of meniscus may come loose and drift into the joint, worsening symptoms.

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    • Knee
    • Pediatric Injuries
    • Sports Medicine

    Osgood-Schlatter Disease

    In Osgood-Schlatter disease, children have pain at the front of the knee due to inflammation of the growth plate (tibial tubercle) at the upper end of the shinbone (tibia). When a child participates in sports or other strenuous activities, the quadriceps muscles of the thigh pull on the patellar tendon which, in turn, pulls on the tibial tubercle. In some children, this repetitive traction on the tubercle leads to the inflammation, swelling and tenderness of an overuse injury.

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    • Foot & Ankle
    • Sports Medicine

    Peroneal Tendon Injuries

    Basic types of peroneal tendon injuries are tendinitis, acute and degenerative tears, and subluxation. Peroneal tendon injuries occur most commonly in individuals who participate in sports that involve repetitive or excessive ankle motion. People with higher arches have an increased risk for developing peroneal tendon injuries.

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    • Neck and Back (Spine)

    Preventing Back Pain

    Back pain can vary according to the individual and underlying cause. The pain may dull, achy, sharp, stabbing, or it may feel like a cramp, or “charley horse.” The intensity of pain may worsen with certain activities, such as bending, lifting, standing, walking or sitting.

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    • Joint Disorders
    • Neck and Back (Spine)
    • Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R)

    Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction (SI Joint Pain)

    Sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SI joint pain) is a painful condition resulting from improper or abnormal movement of the sacroiliac joints. Generally more common in young and middle-aged women, sacroiliac joint dysfunction can cause inflammation of the joints (sacroiliitis), as well as pain that occurs in the lower back, buttocks or legs.

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    • Foot & Ankle
    • Pediatric Injuries
    • Sports Medicine

    Sever’s Disease

    Sever’s disease (also known as osteochondrosis or apophysitis) is an inflammatory condition of the growth plate in the heel bone (calcaneus). One of most common causes of heel pain in children, Sever’s Disease often occurs during adolescence when children hit a growth spurt.

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    • Fractures, Sprains & Strains
    • Ligament Disorders
    • Muscle Disorders
    • Sports Medicine

    Sprains & Strains

    A sprain is the stretching or tearing of ligaments that connect one bone to another, often caused by a fall or sudden twisting of a joint. A strain can be a simple stretch in a muscle or tendon (the fibrous cords of tissue that attach muscles to bone), or it can be a partial or complete tear in the muscle-tendon combination.

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    • Fractures, Sprains & Strains
    • Hand & Wrist
    • Ligament Disorders
    • Sports Medicine

    Thumb Sprain

    A sprained thumb, or gamekeepers thumb, is an injury to the ulnar collateral ligament. A tear in the ulnar collateral ligament at the base of the thumb will cause instability and discomfort, weakening your ability to pinch and grasp.

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    • Hand & Wrist

    Trigger Finger

    With trigger finger, when you try to straighten your finger, the tendon becomes momentarily stuck at the mouth of the tendon sheath tunnel. As the tendon slips through the tight area, you might feel a pop as your finger suddenly shoots straight out. Symptoms may include: a tender lump in your palm, swelling, a catching or popping sensation in finger or thumb joints, and pain when bending or straightening a finger.

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    • Fractures, Sprains & Strains
    • Hand & Wrist

    Wrist, Distal Radius Fracture

    A broken wrist, or distal radius fracture, is a common fracture that can occur even in healthy bone if the force of trauma is severe enough. This break often happens as a person lands on an outstretched hand when trying to break a fall. Automobile, biking, skiing and other similar accidents are also frequently causes.

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    • Fractures, Sprains & Strains
    • Hand & Wrist

    Wrist, Scaphoid Fracture

    Fractures of the scaphoid occur in people of all ages. This fracture often happens as a person tries to break a fall and lands on an outstretched hand with the palm bearing most of the weight. Automobile accidents and sports injuries are also frequent causes.

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