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    • Foot & Ankle
    • Joint Disorders

    Bunions

    A bunion is a bump on the MTP joint, on the inner border of the foot. Bunions are made of bone and soft tissue, covered by skin that may be red and tender. Prolonged wearing of poorly fitting shoes is by far the most common cause of bunions, especially styles that feature a narrow, pointed toe box that squeezes the toes into an unnatural position. Bunions also have a strong genetic component.

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    • Foot & Ankle

    Equinus

    When the ankle joint lacks flexibility and upward, toes-to-shin movement of the foot (dorsiflexion) is limited, the condition is called equinus. Equinus is a result of tightness in the Achilles tendon or calf muscles (the soleus muscle and/or gastrocnemius muscle) and it may be either congenital or acquired. This condition is found equally in men and women, and it can occur in one foot, or both.

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    • Fractures, Sprains & Strains
    • Sports Medicine

    Fractures

    A fracture is a broken bone. Although bones are rigid, they do bend with limited flexibility when outside force is applied. When that force is too great, the bone will fracture. Common causes of fractures include: trauma, such as auto or sports-related accidents; osteoporosis, which can weaken the bone; or overuse caused by repetitive motion that can tire muscles and place excess force on the bone, resulting in stress fractures like those most often seen in athletes.

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    • Joint Disorders
    • Knee
    • Pediatric Injuries
    • Sports Medicine

    Jumper’s Knee

    Repetitive contraction of the quadriceps muscles in the thigh can stress the patellar tendon where it attaches to the kneecap, causing inflammation and tissue damage (patellar tendinitis). For a child, this repetitive stress on the tendon can irritate and injure the growth plate, resulting in a condition referred to as Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease.

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    • Neck and Back (Spine)
    • Pediatric Injuries
    • Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R)

    Kyphosis (Roundback) of the Spine

    The term kyphosis is used to describe the spinal curve that results in an abnormally rounded back. Although some degree of rounded curvature of the spine is normal, a kyphotic curve that is more than 50° is considered abnormal. There are several types and causes of kyphosis: postural kyphosis, Scheuermann’s kyphosis, and congenital kyphosis.

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    • Fractures, Sprains & Strains
    • Muscle Disorders
    • Neck and Back (Spine)

    Lumbar Back Strain

    A lumbar strain is an injury to the tendons and/or muscles of the lower back, ranging from simple stretching injuries to partial or complete tears in the muscle/tendon combination. These tears cause inflammation in the surrounding area, resulting in painful back spasms and difficulty moving. An acute lumber strain is one that has been present for days or weeks. If it has persisted for longer than 3 months, it is considered chronic.

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    • Knee
    • Pediatric Injuries
    • Sports Medicine

    Patella Tendinitis & Patella Tendinosis

    Pain in the patella tendon is a common problem, especially in people who participate extensively in running or jumping activities. Pain in the patella tendon can be separated into two main conditions: patella tendinitis and patella tendinosis.

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    • Joint Disorders
    • Knee
    • Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R)
    • Sports Medicine

    Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (Runner’s Knee)

    Patellofemoral pain syndrome is a broad term used to describe pain in the front of the knee and around the kneecap. Although it can occur in nonathletes, it is sometimes called “runner’s knee” or “jumper’s knee” because it is most common in people who participate in sports—particularly females and young adults.

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    • Neck and Back (Spine)

    Preventing Back Pain

    Back pain can vary according to the individual and underlying cause. The pain may dull, achy, sharp, stabbing, or it may feel like a cramp, or “charley horse.” The intensity of pain may worsen with certain activities, such as bending, lifting, standing, walking or sitting.

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    • Neck and Back (Spine)
    • Pediatric Injuries
    • Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PM&R)
    • Sports Medicine

    Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis

    Many people with spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis do not experience obvious symptoms or pain. Often, a patient visits the doctor for activity-related lower back pain, only to be surprised by the diagnosis. Patients may experience what feels like a muscle strain, with pain that spreads across lower back, and is sometimes accompanied by leg pain. Spondylolisthesis can also cause spasms that stiffen the back and tighten hamstring muscles, resulting in changes to posture and gain.

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